This study aims to open up discourses and opportunities for the development and reformulation of maṣlaḥah in the current contemporary era. This means that the concept of maṣlaḥah has so far been shadowed in the textual confinement so that the resulting maṣlaḥah becomes an old-fashioned, stagnant, and less-able concept for responding to the times" challenges. Up to this contemporary era, the concept of maṣlaḥah developed by several leading Moslem scholars seems to be rather theocentric in a way that it is transfixed on the maṣlaḥah considerations contained in the texts (naṣṣ). This means that Islamic law is assumed to be inadaptable to various forms of social changes and modernization. In addition, it is intended to open the mind of those who claim that Islamic law is so immutable, doctrinal, eternal, and final. It also examines the concept of maqāṣid al-sharī'at and analyzes the flexibility, adaptability, and dynamic of Islamic law. It aims at elaborating the position of maqāṣid al-sharī'at as the primary reference and ethical-spiritual foundation for the dynamization process of Islamic law in dealing with contemporary issues. This study is library research which examines the maqāṣid al-sharī'at from the time of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him) to this very day. With these two roles, the maqāṣid al-sharī'at can serve as a driving force to create future changes towards a more constructive and humanistic society. The directive system, for instance, puts the maqāṣid al-sharī'at as the main reference for any reformation or changing processes and dynamization of the Islamic law, whereas the latter places it as the supreme principle of morality that provides the foundation and ethical-spiritual power for Muslim Societies when they interact with the law. Abstract: The two primary and significant roles of maqāṣid al-sharī'at worth studying are directive and defensive systems.
Selain itu, dimaksudkan untuk membuka pikiran mereka yang menyatakan bahwa hukum Islam begitu lestari, doktrinal, abadi, dan final sehingga dianggap tidak dapat beradaptasi dengan berbagai bentuk perubahan sosial dan modernisasi yang membawa banyak isu kekinian. Ini juga mengkaji konsep maqāṣid al-sharī'at dan menganalisis fleksibilitas, kemampuan beradaptasi, dan dinamika hukum Islam. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan posisi maqāṣid al-sharī'at sebagai acuan utama dan landasan etis-spiritual bagi dinamisasi proses hukum Islam dalam menghadapi persoalan kontemporer. Penelitian pustaka ini meneliti maqāṣid al-sharī'at dari masa Nabi Muhammad Saw. Dengan dua peran tersebut, maqāṣid al-sharī'at dapat menjadi pendorong perubahan masa depan menuju masyarakat yang lebih konstruktif dan humanistik. Sistem direktif, misalnya, menempatkan maqāṣid al-sharī'at sebagai rujukan utama untuk setiap reformasi atau proses perubahan dan dinamisasi hukum Islam, sedangkan yang terakhir menempatkannya sebagai prinsip moralitas tertinggi yang memberikan landasan dan kekuatan etis-spiritual untuk masyarakat Muslim ketika mereka berinteraksi dengan hukum. The results show that the regulations and edicts are in accordance with fundamental values in the discourse of obtaining the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid sharī'ah), and the necessity to preserve one's soul is prioritized over preserving one's religion since practicing religious teachings can only be conducted whenever one's soul is preserved.Ībstrak: Peran paling utama dan penting maqāṣid al-sharī'at yang patut dipelajari adalah sistem direktif dan pertahanan. This study is qualitative research with a discourse analysis that discusses the legal-socio-contextual aspects of the rules and fatwās/edicts with the maqāṣid sharī'ah (purposefulness of Islamic law) approach.
This paper tries to examine from the Islamic perspective, regulations issued by the Indonesian Government and edicts issued by religious institutions and organizations in Indonesia, especially of the Indonesian Council of Ulema (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah, in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. The number of cases, the death tolls, the steps that each country's government must take, and the activities of social life that must be practiced by all people, among others, are interesting phenomena to study. Since its first appearance in Wuhan, China, the COVID-19 has become a worldwide concern, and now its impact as a pandemic has been felt globally.